Background
Arginase-1(ARG1) belongs to the arginase family. It is a novel immunohistochemical marker of hepatocellular differentiation and a marker of hepatocytes and hepatocellular neoplasms. ARG1 is closely associated with alternative macrophage activation and ARG1 has been shown to protect motor neurons from trophic factor deprivation and allow sensory neurons to overcome neurite outgrowth inhibition by myelin proteins. It can exist as a homotrimer and it has 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Defects in ARG1 are the cause of argininemia (ARGIN). ARG1 mainly expresses in neurons in a normal brain. The expression of ARG1 increases in microglia/macrophages and astrocytes early after CNS injuries. ARG1 has been regarded as a marker for beneficial microglia/macrophages and possesses anti-inflammatory and tissue repair properties under various pathological conditions.
Cellular location
Cytoplasm
