Background
Lysine crotonylation is a newly-identified histone post-translational modification by integrated proteomic approaches and elaborate biochemistry analyses. It has been shown that lysine crotonylation is an evolutionarily conserved PTM in multiple species of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes in a wide range of proteins, both in histones and non-histone substrates. The unique structure and genomic localization of lysine crotonylation suggest that it is mechanistically and functionally different from lysine acetylation. Given the revealed roles of lysine crotonylation in spermatogenesis, the novel modification may play important roles in multiple cellular pathophysiological processes by effecting chromatin structure and epigenetic pathways.
Cellular location
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