Background
Small ubiquitin-related modifier 1, 2, and 3 (SUMO-1, 2, and 3) are members of the ubiquitin-like protein family. Similar to ubiquitin, SUMO proteins bind to target proteins through a post-translational modification system. SUMO-1 can be covalently attached to target proteins through the formation of an isopeptide bond between its C-terminal Gly97 and a lysine residue in the target protein. This process is important for regulating nuclear trafficking, formation of subnuclear structures, transcriptional activity, and protein stability, with SUMO-1 being conjugated to proteins such as RanGAP, PML, p53 and IκB-α.
Cellular location
Nucleus, Cytoplasm
